Creating Iconic Bass, Pad, and Lead Sounds Using Subtractive and FM
Tutorial | Oct 29, 2025
This tutorial explains how to create classic synth sounds like reese bass, EDM plucks, synthwave bass, rave sounds, pads, e-pianos, and bell tones using basic subtractive and FM synthesis techniques in Bitwig Studio, but the concepts work in any DAW or synthesizer. The key is understanding the foundation of classic sounds, such as detuning saw waves, using filters, modulation, layering samples, and effects, and then customizing or layering them for something more unique. Mastering these fundamental techniques allows producers to easily recognize, modify, and build their own sounds, rather than just copying presets or other artists.
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Short Overview #
In this tutorial, I show how to create classic electronic sounds using basic subtractive synthesis techniques that work in any DAW, not just Bitwig Studio. I walk through building respace, drum and bass, synthwave, EDM pluck, acid, rave, pad, and FM-style sounds by starting with simple waveforms, layering voices, and experimenting with filters, envelopes, and effects. While following tried-and-true sound design methods, I also share tips on making each sound your own by layering samples, using modulation, and tweaking harmonics. My goal is to make these foundational techniques easy to understand and encourage you to go beyond imitating, finding your own unique style along the way.
- How to create classic synthesizer sounds using basic subtractive synthesis principles, applicable in any DAW, not just Bitwig Studio
- Step-by-step process for making a respace (Reese bass) sound using detuned saw oscillators and a notch filter
- Explanation of monophonic vs polyphonic modes, and techniques like glide/portamento for basslines
- Alternative methods for stereo detuning and keeping bass frequencies centered and clean
- Approaches to control sub movement, including using wavetables and removing the fundamental
- Use of distortion, noise, envelopes, and pitch modulation for drum and bass, jungle, 808, and jump-up bass sounds
- Techniques for modernizing classic sounds with effects, unison, and heavy detune for techno and hard dance
- Synthwave bass and acid bass creation, focusing on saw waves, filter resonance, and distortion
- Post-processing with EQ, automation, multiple distortions, and advanced FX for sound shaping
- Creating classic lead and pluck sounds through unison, filter choice, reverb, and delay
- Building lush pad sounds with slow envelopes, layering, sampling real-world sounds, and granular manipulation
- Demonstration of FM synthesis (using Bitwig’s Phase-4) to create electric piano, bell, and percussive timbres
- Emphasis on knowing these foundational sound design techniques to understand and recreate any commercial preset or sample
- Encouragement to use these basics as starting points to develop unique and individual sounds rather than exact copies of famous presets
Introduction #
In this tutorial, I dive into the foundational classic sounds in electronic music production. Although I demonstrate using Bitwig Studio, the techniques and principles are universal and can be applied in any DAW with any basic subtractive synthesizer. The goal is to empower you to create these essential sounds from scratch, understand their structures, and encourage you to experiment and develop your own unique variations.
Subtractive Synthesis Basics #
I start with a very basic subtractive synthesizer setup in Bitwig’s Polymer. The core elements include:
- Oscillator: The source sound, often a saw or pulse wave
- Filter: Shapes the harmonic content
- Amplitude Envelope (ADSR): Controls how the sound evolves over time
- Filter Envelope: Modulates the filter cutoff for movement
I switch to an ADSR envelope for full control and keep things simple by not using any modulators initially.
Classic Drum and Bass Reece Bass #
Creating a Reece Bass #
The reece bass is a staple in drum and bass and jungle. You build it by stacking two saw wave oscillators, slightly detuned from each other:
- Single Oscillator Method: In Polymer, you can blend the main oscillator and sub-oscillator both set to saw waves at the same octave. Detune one slightly to create beating and movement.
- Mono Mode: I recommend using monophonic mode so that only one note plays at a time, ideal for bass lines. Glide (portamento) can be introduced for smooth note transitions.
- Notch Filter: Adding a moving notch filter across the spectrum creates the classic phasey, hollow sound. Disable key tracking on the filter for a more static filter position regardless of the pitch played.
Alternative Wide Stereo Detune #
Instead of a second saw oscillator or sub, you can use stereo detuning, which shifts the pitch of the left and right channels in opposite directions. Summing back to mono makes it behave similar to the classic detuned pair.
Static vs. Moving Sub Fundamentals #
Some producers prefer a static, solid sub for modern genres. You can achieve this by removing the fundamental from a wavetable saw oscillator and adding a pure sine sub underneath, a clean but less animated result compared to the lively reece movement.
Further Evolution #
You can switch out waveforms, try pulses, triangles, or just use a sine for sub-heavy, jump-up, or 808-style basses. Adding distortion, noise, and filter envelopes allows for a wider range of textures and flavor. Using multiple voices for unison and heavier detuning can push the sound toward modern hard techno or “cyberpunk” bass lines.
Synthwave and Acid Bass Sounds #
Synthwave Bass #
Classic synthwave bass starts similarly to the reece but with high resonance and significant filter drive, usually through a low-pass filter with distortion added post-filter. These techniques were popularized by artists like Kavinsky.
Acid Bass (303 Style) #
By cranking the resonance, using a square or pulse oscillator, and running the filter through heavy distortion, you closely emulate the Roland TB-303’s acid bass. The key is the interplay between filter resonance, envelope modulation, and distortion.
Classic Leads, Plucks, and Rave Sounds #
Unison Leads and EDM Plucks #
Using a saw oscillator in massive unison with fat detunings and no filter produces the iconic “rave” sound. For EDM plucks, add a low-pass filter and envelope for a more percussive touch. Layering with reverb, delay, and arpeggiators creates instantly recognizable melodic synth sounds.
Rave Bandpass Leads #
Use a wide bandpass filter and focus resonance on the desired spectral region. Pile multiple detuned voices for big, brassy leads with intense stereo width.
Classic Pad Sounds #
Basic Synth Pad #
Start with a saw, low-pass filter, slow attack and release, and high sustain on the amplitude envelope. Use unison for width and detune for depth, then add lush reverb.
Making Pads Unique #
The best pads are layered. Combine your basic synth pad with layered samples, I demonstrate recording a water bottle into a sampler, then randomizing start position and speed. Optionally, add a piano or guitar layer through heavy reverb. Modern synths often achieve variety by scanning through sampled wavetables or layering different oscillator types.
Using Random Modulation #
Introduce vibrato or random pitch modulation for organic movement. Applying random modulation per voice creates subtle, evolving textures often heard in classic pad sounds.
Frequency Modulation Synthesis (FM) #
EPiano and Bell Tones #
Switching from subtractive to FM synthesis (using Phase 4 in Bitwig), start with two sine operators, one modulating the other at a whole-number ratio (like 2:1 or 3:1). Use an envelope to shape the FM amount over time, producing classic e-piano or bell-like timbres. Adding velocity sensitivity to the modulation depth introduces expressive play.
Metallic and Percussive FM Tones #
Experimenting with odd or high frequency ratios adds metallic or dissonant colors, ideal for bells or percussion. Introducing distortion after FM beefs up these sounds for drum and bass or techno percussion.
Key Takeaways #
- Classic synth sounds are built on simple ideas, saw or pulse oscillators, filters, envelopes, and occasionally FM.
- Movement comes from detuning, unison, modulation, and layering.
- Effects such as distortion, EQ, and reverb play major roles in sound shaping.
- Wavetable and sampling techniques are extensions of classic synthesis, offering even more sonic palette.
- Understanding these basics lets you both recreate familiar sounds and confidently design unique, modern variations.
- Recreating classic sounds helps train your ear, but don’t obsess over perfect copies, focus on developing a sound that represents you.
Conclusion #
All modern synth sounds originate from these basic building blocks. Knowing how to craft and modify them gives you creative freedom and helps you recognize the underlying structure of any synth sound in contemporary music. With practice and layering, you can produce everything from bread-and-butter patches to signature electronic textures, all starting from classic synthesis principles.
Full Video Transcription #
This is what im talking about in this video. The text is transcribed by Whisper, so it might not be perfect. If you find any mistakes, please let me know.
You can also click on the timestamps to jump to the right part of the video, which should be helpful.
Click to expand Transcription
[00:00:00] Hey folks, what's popping? So the day I thought I make a tutorial about classic
[00:00:05] sounds, how to do them in Bitwig Studio, but you don't need to use Bitwig Studio.
[00:00:10] You can do this in every DAW, you can do this with every basic subjective
[00:00:13] synthesizer, and it's always nice to know how to do these sounds because it's
[00:00:18] the basis of all the other sounds you can hear in, you know, presets, libraries
[00:00:23] or sample collections or whatever. It always starts with the basic sound or
[00:00:29] with the classic sound and then you put something on top or you make some
[00:00:33] iterations, you make some small alterations to it and it can make it
[00:00:38] more modern, but you always need to know how to create these classic sounds. I
[00:00:42] make it quick, I make it simple, maybe it's helpful to you, okay? So let's start
[00:00:49] here in Bitwig Studio with this track here and you want to use a very basic
[00:00:55] subtractive synthesizer, the Polymer here. So we have here an oscillator, we have a
[00:01:00] filter, we have an amplitude envelope, we want to switch this here to an ADSR, so
[00:01:04] we have attack, decay, sustain, release, we have a filter envelope here and we
[00:01:10] don't need to need to use here these modulators for now. And we want to start
[00:01:16] with, let's say, a respace sound, right? So in the last video I showed you a resound
[00:01:23] and someone want to know how to make these sounds, you can do this in 5,000
[00:01:28] different ways, okay? So we can use here a very basic saw oscillator, sounds like
[00:01:36] this, maybe open up the filter here. And a respace line is usually just two saw
[00:01:46] ways slightly detuned, we can do this here in Bitwig by just using one
[00:01:51] oscillator here. And then we can use the sub oscillator here, mix it in by 50%, so
[00:01:57] this is the second oscillator, and then switch this here to a saw and the octave
[00:02:01] is here at zero, so we have the same tuning, but then we can detune here the
[00:02:07] first one. And the beating or the beating frequency is basically the
[00:02:18] difference between this frequency here and this frequency. And this is already
[00:02:22] here, some kind of nice, you know, respace sound. So it's perfect for drum
[00:02:35] bass. I usually switch the polymer into a monophonic mode at the left side here,
[00:02:42] voice is 12, switches down to mono, so it's a monophonic sound. But this
[00:02:46] is basically one sound that you play, the other sound chokes the first one. So you
[00:02:52] can just hold down one key, and then you play another on top, and you don't play
[00:02:57] a chord, right? So it just cut out basically the first sound with the second
[00:03:07] sound and so on. And if you release the last sound, you switch back to the first
[00:03:11] sound, so it's very nice. We can also use the glide here, so you have, what's it
[00:03:17] called tremolo, it's not tremolo, it's actually just glide. So you glide from one
[00:03:21] oligato, you glide from one sound to the other.
[00:03:24] Very basic, very simple. Always nice on top of this is to use a notch filter,
[00:03:41] and I show you this here by using a spectrum analyzer.
[00:03:46] So you can see all the moving frequencies here, pretty much the whole
[00:03:54] frequency spectrum is there. But then we bring in here a notch filter, as we have
[00:04:00] notch. I mean, this sounds, it always sounds nice for some reason. It always
[00:04:21] makes me smile. So this is the classic drum bass phaser. Sometimes people use a
[00:04:26] lot of different techniques to create this, but this is the simplest one in my
[00:04:29] opinion. Just put a notch on it and drive the notch through the whole frequency
[00:04:35] spectrum and you get this nice classic sound. Sometimes I switch here the key
[00:04:39] tracking off. So the key tracking is basically changing the center frequency
[00:04:43] here of the filter when you change the key on the keyboard. And if this is off,
[00:04:48] the filter is basically your static, so it's always at 1k no matter what kind of
[00:04:53] key you use. So yeah, this is one way of doing this. Another way of doing this is
[00:05:01] by, instead of using here the, what's it called, the sub oscillator. So we pull
[00:05:06] this down. We have just one, one saw. You can use a bit here, this feature called
[00:05:13] stereo detune. So when you have this switched on and dial in here an offset,
[00:05:19] the left side of your speaker or the left channel has a different frequency
[00:05:24] than the right channel. So this is the difference between the two. It sounds very
[00:05:30] weird, but then it's also very wide because you have different information on
[00:05:35] the left side than on the right side. So we use your tool of Bitwig and then pull
[00:05:41] down the width so it's mono. So we just completely remove the side information.
[00:05:46] So this is how it sounds.
[00:05:49] Right? It's basically the same effect. The difference here is that, but the first
[00:06:10] technique we have more or less here, the sub oscillator, at the perfect
[00:06:15] frequency of your note. So you play a note and the sub oscillator is exactly
[00:06:20] with the saw wave on this frequency. And then we detune only this one that is on
[00:06:25] top here with the offset. Okay? But with this technique here, we basically detune
[00:06:30] one oscillator and the other oscillator and the right, the middle
[00:06:34] frequency basically between the offset here is exactly in the middle. So we have
[00:06:40] two saw waves that are completely detuned to the one side and to the other
[00:06:44] side. And the right center frequency of the key is in the middle. So it's a bit
[00:06:49] different because, yeah, it's a different technique, but it's kind of the same
[00:06:55] effect because you don't detune for that much hertz here, right? So it's always a
[00:07:02] bit off. So that's the kind of the source, the sweet source of this
[00:07:07] resound that it's always a bit off, that it's always a bit detuned. In my
[00:07:13] opinion, both of these techniques sound nice.
[00:07:18] You can see one downside of this is, or it's actually not the downside, you can
[00:07:30] see at the fundamental frequency, right? It's moving up or down because you have
[00:07:37] this beating, you have two sounds that playing at a slightly different
[00:07:42] frequency. So you have this volume modulation there. And some people don't
[00:07:49] like it. I would, I really love it. I think this makes the respace sound
[00:07:55] good. Also in the club system that you have this nice movement up or down
[00:08:01] movement of the volume. Some people, some modern producers, I guess, don't like it.
[00:08:06] They want to have everything pretty static. They want to have a static volume for
[00:08:09] the sub, for some reason. I don't like it. For me, it sounds too static. But you can
[00:08:15] do this too in Bitwig. So you do the same trick, but not with the saw-tooth
[00:08:19] oscillator. Here you do this with the wavetable oscillator. You switch to, yeah,
[00:08:25] saw wave. But we have the same setting here, right? It's the same sound.
[00:08:31] But now with the wavetable oscillator, we have here a feature called remove
[00:08:37] fundamental. So we switch this on. Now you can see that the fundamental is
[00:08:42] missing, right? So we remove this. And then we bring in the sub oscillator with
[00:08:51] the sine by 50%. And then it's super static. The top ear is still the wavetable
[00:09:00] beating, but the sub oscillator is just one sine partial playing the sub.
[00:09:05] It's super clean, but you miss the movement, in my opinion.
[00:09:26] I kind of love these sounds. It's really my classic bass sound. I can't get
[00:09:33] enough of this. Okay, so this is the resound. You can modify this, of course,
[00:09:41] in all kinds of different directions. So instead of saw, you can use your
[00:09:45] a pulse or a try. You can also use here a sine. Maybe let's switch this back
[00:10:07] here to the original idea with this nice movement. I really love it. Nice. Okay.
[00:10:19] So then you use maybe here some kind of distortion at the end. You can use
[00:10:26] different distortions for different effects. So let's say I can use the filter
[00:10:32] plus here. So we can use a soft clipper at the end.
[00:10:59] So here we can use, let's say this decay or this filter envelope and use it for
[00:11:05] the pitch. So we have a pitch down like a bass drum, but not that much maybe.
[00:11:13] Maybe we use here, I don't know how much we use. Let's say 12, one octave. Let's
[00:11:22] start with this. So it's also kind of a classic drum bass step bass sound. So
[00:11:47] like a pluck bass sound. I really like to do this, not here with the, let's say
[00:11:54] with the detuning. I really like to use this here, just monophonic. Maybe not too
[00:12:05] much of distortion. Maybe a bit of noise on top. Without glide. And because of the
[00:12:24] noise sounds like you have much more distortion than there is actually
[00:12:28] happening on the sound. So that's what I do sometimes. So it's also a classic
[00:12:34] drum bass sound here. Also having here this release time all the way up. So it
[00:12:40] sounds more like an 808 bass sound.
[00:12:53] Maybe like this. So it's something that it's used heavily in the early days of
[00:13:11] jungle or drum bass. These kind of jump up bass sounds. It's just your sign or
[00:13:18] tree try, which gives you a bit more overtones or just using here a pulse
[00:13:24] for that and then using your filter to cut some overtones away.
[00:13:37] Maybe without you the pitch drop. Okay, so it's already, you can see it's already,
[00:13:50] it started with basically a saw wave, but then a lot of people just modified
[00:13:54] this idea to all kinds of different waveforms and you always land on
[00:14:00] something that someone already did in the past, right? So that's why I said
[00:14:07] it's sometimes important just to know the classic sounds and then you hear a
[00:14:13] sound, basically a fancy sound in some other production and you know instantly
[00:14:17] oh it is just a modified version of this or it's just a modified version of
[00:14:20] that. So that's how it goes sometimes. Okay, so this is that. Then there's
[00:14:28] also modified version of the 3-space sound. Instead of using just two saw
[00:14:32] waves to tune, we use much more. We use 16 voices here. Let's see what this
[00:14:38] sounds. Then we detune this all the way.
[00:14:44] Maybe use FAT and spread.
[00:14:53] Maybe too much, but then we can use the filter here. Maybe a steeper filter. So
[00:15:04] let's use sound key. So we can use LP3 and then maybe use an ARP and dial in a
[00:15:15] very chromatic idea here. Let's go to 11. Let's see what this sounds like.
[00:15:27] You have this kind of cyberpunk bass or hard techno, dark techno. I don't know
[00:15:44] how it's called. But these type of sounds also you need heavy distortion of
[00:15:48] course on this one. Maybe this type of distortion here. A hard clipper.
[00:16:10] You can experiment here with how many voices you want to use. Everything
[00:16:16] sounds a bit different. Also your same trick. If you want to have a static bass
[00:16:22] sound, you can do the same thing here. Remove fundamental, use then assign. You
[00:16:28] have a clean sub bass. Maybe you're keytracking on, so it's exactly on the
[00:16:39] right frequency.
[00:16:41] It goes in the right direction. You probably need to write distortion more
[00:17:02] than you need to write synthesizer for this type of sound. But you can hear
[00:17:05] already what direction it goes. Okay, so that's that. Another typical
[00:17:13] sound is this synthwave sound or synthwave bass that you hear probably in
[00:17:19] certain productions. I think it was heavily used by Kavinsky. I don't know
[00:17:27] if I recall this correctly. But this is where you use more or less like a saw.
[00:17:35] Let's use a very simple one here. Just a saw wave. And then we use some
[00:17:42] acid type of techniques on top. We use here no keytracking. We open up the
[00:17:49] filter like this. We use a lot of resonance. Then we use distortion.
[00:18:04] Let me check this here.
[00:18:09] Also here it's very important what kind of distortion you use here on top.
[00:18:30] Everything can sound a bit different. And yield different results. But you get
[00:18:38] the idea.
[00:18:40] So heavily used in synthwave as a bass sound to make it a bit more modern. To
[00:18:57] all the bass sounds we just did, you can do a lot of things in the post FX
[00:19:03] section. Instead of just using here distortion, we can do a lot of
[00:19:08] things more. So what I do usually is using EQ heavily because I can shape
[00:19:15] what's going on in the overtones. Here we have still this Kavinsky bass.
[00:19:20] Maybe I put this here at the end. So we can bring out certain harmonics better
[00:19:31] and it sounds much cleaner. You can take certain frequencies out.
[00:19:37] And it's also nice when you modulate this or when you automate this. So it
[00:19:46] changes over time. It gives you a lot of movement. Also having this in front of
[00:19:50] distortion can be nice. It gives you different results, different positions.
[00:19:57] So you have to experiment with this.
[00:20:00] So this is basically true for all the bass sounds. Also re-space sounds are
[00:20:09] usually the basis of my these typical drum bass/neurofunk bass sounds. But
[00:20:19] instead of just using a filter here, I'm using an EQ with multiple notes moving
[00:20:26] up and down the frequency spectrum then using notch filters, multiple
[00:20:30] distortions and so on. So you put a lot of effects on it and it tried to shape
[00:20:34] the sound. But the bass, the fundamental or the foundation of the
[00:20:39] sound is always this kind of re-space sound with the with the saw lead or the
[00:20:43] tuned saw leads. Yeah, okay, just to summarize this. I don't try to make it
[00:20:49] too complicated, but you get the idea. You have always the same foundation and
[00:20:54] you put some cherries on top. So enough of these bass sounds here. We can also
[00:21:00] use this, of course, for lead sounds. So we have here still the saw. We use
[00:21:05] Unison 16 voices FET all the way up. We don't want to use the monophonic or the
[00:21:11] mono tool at the end. So with this, we can already play an octifier. Maybe without
[00:21:18] the resonance. And we get some EDM pluck sounds. Something like, you know, I don't
[00:21:28] know, what's the name? Deadmauft, Deadmauft uses for some reason, using our
[00:21:34] Pecheater here. Convolution reverb and of course delay to fill up the gaps. Let's
[00:21:47] see how this sounds.
[00:21:50] Right, so here, what kind of filter you use decides how much of overtones you
[00:22:04] cut away. And it gives you more modern sound or more old-school sound.
[00:22:33] So this is a very classic EDM pluck sound here. Also not far away from that is open
[00:22:41] up the filter completely. We don't use a filter at all. So it gets rave-y. It's like
[00:22:48] a rave sound. But then you just overblow this here by the tune, the fuck out of
[00:22:52] it. And then instead of having here maybe all the filters or low-pass filter use
[00:23:05] maybe a bandpass, a very wide one. And then focus on the frequency spectrum you
[00:23:11] are interested in.
[00:23:14] Right, so you get this type of rave sound. It's just a lot of detuning here. That's
[00:23:32] basically the trick. Not just down here, which is to to harmonic. You go up
[00:23:41] here. Again, if you want to bring in a bit of you know the real root fundamental
[00:23:50] frequency, you can always use the sub oscillator here and bring in a sign at
[00:24:00] your center frequency.
[00:24:03] So yeah, that's that. I completely forgot the asset sound. The asset sound is
[00:24:28] actually more or less the same thing as the Kawinsky bass sound. But you just
[00:24:34] overblow the resonance here. I completely forgot about this. Damn, maybe
[00:24:41] I'll just show it to you here quickly. Let's go back to the bass sound there.
[00:24:48] And maybe use classic pulse. And then very open, very easy LP1, LP2. I think on
[00:24:57] the TR3R3 it's an LP2, if I'm not wrong. A lot of resonance here. We get
[00:25:07] already this sound and then distortion of course at the end. We use here this one
[00:25:18] again. Like this. [Music]
[00:25:29] . [Music]
[00:25:49] You get the idea. So it's all about finding the sweet spot here of the center
[00:26:07] frequency of the resonance and of the filter envelope and then the right
[00:26:12] distortion. Okay, so this is the asset bass. Just to make this video complete.
[00:26:17] Okay. Okay, so we talked about the rave sound and something also close to the rave
[00:26:27] sound and the EDM plug is of course the pad sound. Okay, so here we have also a
[00:26:34] saw. We have a low pass filter here. No resonance and we need sustain and we have
[00:26:42] a slow attack, long release. And we also want to open up the filter very slowly
[00:26:47] and want to close it very slowly. Keep the filter open here with the sustain.
[00:26:52] Just a bit of that. We don't need that. Do we have here root? No, it's okay. 16 voices
[00:27:00] unison, slightly detuned, fat. That's okay. And we don't need here an arp, of course.
[00:27:09] And we want to go to the middle. And we want to use polyphonic. So we use your
[00:27:16] voices mono, use maybe 16 voices.
[00:27:20] So this is how we create a nice bread and butter pad sound. Every pad
[00:27:44] sound is based on this idea. Of course, we need to put a lot of reverb on that.
[00:27:49] If you ask me, 50% here. Let's see how this sounds.
[00:27:57] And low pass 2 is okay, but you can also play around here with the filter type.
[00:28:09] So maybe cut some more high end away.
[00:28:15] And sometimes just using a bandpass, a very wide one is cool.
[00:28:23] It depends on your track and where you want to fill up some space in the
[00:28:28] frequency area, right? So sometimes you want to fill up here something around 1K.
[00:28:33] And sometimes a bit lower. So the bandpass is nice because you cut
[00:28:39] lower in the way and top in the way. And then you can focus on a certain position here.
[00:28:45] Also nice to have here some pitch modulation. You can use a random
[00:29:08] modulator or you can also use here the vibrato. This one here and then you
[00:29:13] modulate basically the pitch by a certain amount. Something like this. Then we
[00:29:20] can use the mod wheel here. You can use the mod wheel and then it modulates
[00:29:24] basically the pitch.
[00:29:28] So here this vibrato gives you more or less the same frequency for the
[00:29:51] modulation of the pitch. Sometimes I really like to use the random mod,
[00:29:54] because yeah, you have random modulation for each voice. Let's go to this.
[00:30:02] Right, you can see every voice gets a different modulation.
[00:30:08] This sound is very basic. You probably heard this a thousand times
[00:30:24] in some form or the other. To make this pad sound more unique, in my opinion,
[00:30:34] the best way to do this is just to layer it with a different sound. And a lot
[00:30:38] of libraries do this or preset libraries, something like Omnisphere, it's just they
[00:30:44] use then a wave table, right, from that. The origin is basically a saw,
[00:30:49] lead, and then you have something on top. So here we put this in a layer, so I use
[00:30:55] Ctrl and G, and then we put here a sampler. And we sample something here,
[00:31:00] maybe I use an audio track. It's an input here, use my microphone, okay, and I use,
[00:31:09] what do I use? Let's look at this here. Just a bottle with some water in it.
[00:31:20] Yeah, that's okay. So we sample this, let's hit record.
[00:31:28] That's enough. That's the best I can do. And it doesn't need to be this. You can also use
[00:31:42] something like something like this, just to have something on top. Let me see,
[00:31:59] this is the bottle sound. So you put here this one into a sampler, we just drag it
[00:32:04] into the layer here, and we can center around a certain region and right click
[00:32:11] and say detect root key and it says it's A2 for some reason. Let's see how this sounds.
[00:32:16] Okay, so we want to loop this first and foremost.
[00:32:28] And then we want to use randomizer and we want to put this on hold
[00:32:38] and note for retrigger. So every time we press a key, we get the random value,
[00:32:42] and then it's hold until you release the key. And we want to modulate here the start position.
[00:32:49] Okay, so every time we play the sample, we start from a different position. And we also want to
[00:33:02] switch to the textures mode here. And if you want to pull down the speed to maybe 10%, we
[00:33:09] increase the grain size and the motion of the grains. And then we use here the second random
[00:33:15] modulator to change the speed. So every time we play the sample, we play in a different speed.
[00:33:24] And maybe we play this here one octifier for some reason. Okay.
[00:33:29] Okay, so then we have here a reverb on the synthesizer. And we don't want to do this,
[00:33:41] we want to put it actually into the instrument layer. So it's playing. So the reverb is on the
[00:33:48] synthesizer and the sample. And we just lay out this on top. Maybe reduce here the overtones from
[00:33:58] the solid. And then you can decide how much you want to have from the
[00:34:16] from the bottom bottle here. You can use multiple layers of different stuff. You can also sample
[00:34:22] piano. It's always nice to have a piano in there. That's what I do all the time.
[00:34:26] Just here, I don't know, piano tech. And we can choose, I think there's also
[00:34:36] some kind of classical guitar in here. Maybe, I don't know, warm, whatever.
[00:34:43] Right. And then we say we want to make a super massive on that. Something like this.
[00:35:01] And then we play something recorded. Maybe you just play an octave here.
[00:35:04] Something very basic. And we can just delete this here again.
[00:35:18] Go back into our recording. I put this here in another layer. And this should be also the
[00:35:29] yeah, the shop three. That's nice. And you can do basically the same thing with the before.
[00:35:34] I don't want to do that. Let's see how this sounds.
[00:35:47] Then you play on the keyboard, you just play the root, the fifth, the seventh, and so on. So very
[00:36:05] basic notes from the from the scale. So yeah, this is how you do pads. And when you just load
[00:36:14] presets from other synthesizers, what they usually do is they sample this here,
[00:36:19] what they just did the sample this and make a wave table out of it. And then you just scan
[00:36:24] through the wave table, which is yeah, this is what they do, which is also what you can do.
[00:36:30] So we can just use here the wave table instead of what I just did with the sampler on top.
[00:36:38] And then instead of a solid user ready made preset saw something whatever.
[00:36:47] I don't know what we can use here. This looks very chaotic. I don't know how this sounds.
[00:36:54] When it's too chaotic, you bring back here the sub oscillator and you play maybe a saw below it.
[00:37:06] [Music]
[00:37:10] Or maybe just a sign or actually just the reverb is missing, okay.
[00:37:23] So that's basically what most synthesizers today do. They use just the wave table and
[00:37:33] they scan through the wave table, which is just a sample or a very short sample. So
[00:37:38] usually you just play a sample. That's what you do when you play a modern synthesizer for some
[00:37:44] reason. So serum for me is just a sampler in my mind, at least I scan through a very short sample.
[00:37:53] That's basically it. So in my opinion, just sample some random stuff, put it in the sampler
[00:37:59] in Bitwig Studio and just layer things and put it through the reverb and you have nice pad sounds
[00:38:05] for in no time for no money. So why not do it? Okay, so before I finish this tutorial, because I
[00:38:14] showed you already most of the stuff. So mostly the most sounds I do are based around these techniques.
[00:38:25] So just switching around wave tables or waveforms using filters for specific things using distortion,
[00:38:34] using reverb and you can create pretty much any sound. Another thing is instead of using
[00:38:45] subtractive synthesis, I use sometimes what's the name Phase 4, which is a FM synthesizer here.
[00:38:53] So we have basically one oscillator here, one, two, three, four oscillators. And the first one
[00:39:00] is just playing a sign alone on its own. And then you take the second oscillator, which is operator
[00:39:09] in the FM world, it's called operator. It's also playing a sign. And then you take the second one
[00:39:18] and you modulate the frequency of the first one. It sounds like this. But then you use a very high
[00:39:28] ratio here. This is basically using the center frequency times two times three and so on. You
[00:39:34] take a very high one, something like this. It sounds like a bell sound. So it depends on where you go.
[00:39:45] And then you use an envelope here for the modulation like this. Maybe release.
[00:39:53] And then you can recreate these kind of typical E-piano sounds from the 90s. Maybe reverb on that.
[00:40:09] A bit of supermassive. I know the famous E-piano sound is based around multiple
[00:40:17] modulations, but here it almost sounds like it. A bit of pitch wobble. I switched the
[00:40:24] stone manual. Not too much. And then we use, that's also very important, velocity.
[00:40:37] Velocity to change how much we modulate this one, this one to this one. We can do this here in
[00:40:45] Bitwig very easy by just clicking this one. So the velocity changes the amount how much
[00:40:54] this envelope modifies this knob. Basically a second modulation. When I play slowly or
[00:41:05] don't press that hard on the keyboard, there's not much modulation. But when I press hard,
[00:41:12] I get this overtone. A little bit too much reverb.
[00:41:26] And then you knock the floor. A bit of release. Maybe more.
[00:41:52] Yeah, you get this typical E-piano sound. It's also very simple, right? You take a high ratio
[00:41:58] sine oscillator and you modify or FM the first one you get this typical sound. I think as,
[00:42:06] yeah, I made here some E-piano sound a while ago. I don't know how authentic this sounds.
[00:42:18] A bit different.
[00:42:25] So yeah, this is how we create these type of sounds. And then if you want to make, let's say,
[00:42:39] these kind of bell sounds, you need to have some odd harmonies. So you can play around
[00:42:46] you with odd ratios for this. Let's try this out.
[00:43:06] Maybe use a stereo offset.
[00:43:15] This is a six. And let's use here another one, maybe 12 or 13. And this one modulates
[00:43:25] also the first one, maybe. Gives you more like a metallic character.
[00:43:38] Also nice for what's the name, percussion sounds,
[00:43:52] lucky sounds to make this very short here.
[00:44:16] Right. So you try to find some odd harmonics. That's too metallic.
[00:44:22] And then of course distortion here in phase four, we have already overdrive.
[00:44:35] Yeah. So this is also how you can create percussions here with phase four.
[00:44:45] So these are some simple tricks to create these bread and butter sounds. In my opinion,
[00:44:52] it's super important that you notice. At least if you're an electronic music producer and you
[00:44:58] make your life way, way easier if you know how to do these kind of sounds because they're everywhere.
[00:45:04] Like I said, every preset that you can hear that sounds fancy is based around these classic ideas.
[00:45:11] And you don't need to do that much most of the times. It's just having
[00:45:15] basic wave shapes, combining them, amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, like I did
[00:45:22] here with phase four, finding the right filters, sweet spot of the frequency of the resonance
[00:45:30] using distortion before an EQ, after an EQ and stuff like this. Just thinking about harmonics
[00:45:38] and what you want to do if the sound is more harmonic or this harmonic, if you need more
[00:45:42] overtones or if you need more lower frequencies and so on. And you can build almost everything.
[00:45:48] And if you listen to music all the time, you can almost hear like, oh, this is actually a solid,
[00:45:53] right, with some texture on top. Or this is actually a rave sound with some modulation. And
[00:46:00] you know, you can find them basically these sounds and or find out how to reproduce them
[00:46:07] in your own environment and make them different. That's also something I see a lot or also a lot
[00:46:14] of beginners also myself. I had this problem too in the beginning that I hear a sound in
[00:46:20] pop song or modern production. And it sounds very good. And I want to replicate it and I don't
[00:46:28] or I can't replicate it because it's so specific, right? And I work for weeks and I try to replicate
[00:46:36] it. But it's also not important because you don't want to replicate it, you want to create your own
[00:46:41] sound, you want to create something that sounds different. Because when you recreate the sound
[00:46:47] to 100% and you put it in your production, everyone says, oh, you just sampled it. Or
[00:46:52] this sounds exactly like this producer X sound, right? And then you are also kind of depressed
[00:47:00] because people should say, oh, this is actually, this sounds like you. This is a very nice sound.
[00:47:05] I never heard this before. So you want to have something new. So it's always nice to have you
[00:47:11] hear something and then you want to replicate it. And then you try to replicate it, but it
[00:47:15] doesn't work out that well, but you find something new, something better that sounds more
[00:47:21] interesting, that's more like, or that sounds more like you, that's more unique. It's always nice to
[00:47:27] have. So anyway, maybe I don't know if this video is helpful at all. Maybe I do more of these kind
[00:47:34] of sounds, maybe I do a collection of sounds, how to make them in Bitwig quickly, quickly here,
[00:47:41] quickly. Anyway, leave me like, leave me a subscription, let me know what you think in
[00:47:48] the comments down below. That's it. See you next time. Bye.